{"id":134,"date":"2026-01-18T21:50:12","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T02:50:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/?p=134"},"modified":"2026-01-19T01:29:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T06:29:51","slug":"universo-25-experimento","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/18\/universo-25-experimento\/","title":{"rendered":"Universo 25 (Experimento)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>El experimento conocido como Universo 25 fue llevado a cabo en 1972 por el et\u00f3logo John B. Calhoun, y es uno de los estudios m\u00e1s impactantes sobre la din\u00e1mica de las poblaciones en espacios confinados. En este experimento, Calhoun cre\u00f3 un \u00abpara\u00edso\u00bb para ratas, un entorno cerrado con condiciones ideales para su supervivencia: alimento abundante, agua, refugio, y sin depredadores. El objetivo era observar c\u00f3mo evolucionar\u00eda la poblaci\u00f3n en un ambiente sin limitaciones externas. Sin embargo, los resultados fueron sorprendentes y alarmantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Gemini_Generated_Image_hrsz7jhrsz7jhrsz-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Gemini_Generated_Image_hrsz7jhrsz7jhrsz-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Gemini_Generated_Image_hrsz7jhrsz7jhrsz-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Gemini_Generated_Image_hrsz7jhrsz7jhrsz-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Gemini_Generated_Image_hrsz7jhrsz7jhrsz-1-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Imagen generada: Recreaci\u00f3n del Universo 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A medida que la poblaci\u00f3n de ratas comenz\u00f3 a crecer, las relaciones sociales entre ellas empezaron a desmoronarse. La sobrepoblaci\u00f3n llev\u00f3 a una serie de comportamientos disfuncionales: agresividad, aislamiento, y un colapso en las jerarqu\u00edas sociales. Las ratas m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes dejaron de reproducirse, algunas se volvieron can\u00edbales, y otras mostraron comportamientos autodestructivos. El experimento termin\u00f3 con la extinci\u00f3n total de la poblaci\u00f3n. Calhoun concluy\u00f3 que la sobrepoblaci\u00f3n y la falta de roles sociales adecuados conducen al colapso de las estructuras sociales y la disfunci\u00f3n en cualquier especie, incluyendo la humana. El Universo 25 se ha utilizado como una met\u00e1fora de los problemas que pueden surgir en sociedades humanas frente al crecimiento descontrolado y la falta de recursos para mantener una estructura social saludable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Referencias<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Calhoun, J. B. (1973). Death Squared: The Explosive Growth and Demise of a Mouse Population.&nbsp;<em>Scientific American<\/em>, 228(3), 98-106.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bingham, A. C. (2018). Social Breakdown in Animal Populations: Insights from the Universe 25 Experiment.&nbsp;<em>Journal of Ecological Psychology<\/em>, 33(2), 152-163.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El experimento conocido como Universo 25 fue llevado a cabo en 1972 por el et\u00f3logo John B. Calhoun, y es uno de los estudios m\u00e1s impactantes sobre la din\u00e1mica de las poblaciones en espacios confinados. En este experimento, Calhoun cre\u00f3 un \u00abpara\u00edso\u00bb para ratas, un entorno cerrado con condiciones ideales para su supervivencia: alimento abundante, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":197,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[62,63,64],"class_list":["post-134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-datos-curiosos","tag-calhoun","tag-experimento","tag-poblacion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Universo 25 (Experimento) - Psicolog\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pablojacome.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/18\/universo-25-experimento\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Universo 25 (Experimento) - Psicolog\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El experimento conocido como Universo 25 fue llevado a cabo en 1972 por el et\u00f3logo John B. 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